A Survey On Various Methods To Detect Forgery And Computer Crime In Transaction Database

Abstract: A computer forensic method can be used for detecting the different types of forgeries and computer crime. Forgeries and computer crime are the most major concern of the digital world. Lots of techniques and methods have been used to find a proper solution to these problems. Nowadays, digital forensics are an important topic for research articles. In this paper a general survey has been carried out for different methods used in computer forensics to track the evidences which can be useful for detecting the computer crime and forgery. Forensic tools can be used for making any changes to data or tampering of data. Different rules sets or methods are defined to detect the various errors regarding the changes and the tampering of the data in different windows file system. Digital evidence can also be used to detect forgery or computer crime

MICROBIAL PROCESSES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL TRAITS IN DEGRADED TROPICAL PEATLANDS

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

Ayurveda and Yoga practices: a synergistic approach for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative disease which affects about over 30 million people worldwide. There is no suitable treatment for AD nowadays. The current scenario of the research in the field of the search for suitable therapeutic approaches for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease should be a shift towards the combinatorial approach of Ayurveda and Yoga. This review is mainly focused on to adapt Ayurveda and Yoga approaches for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.432095

Formulation and Evaluation of Colon Targeted Oral Drug Delivery Systems for Metronidazole in Treatment of Amoebiasis

The aim of present study was to develop colon targeted system for metronidazole using guar gum and xanthan gum. Matrix formulations containing various proportions of guar gum and xanthan gum were prepared by wet granulation technique using 10% starch paste. Later on, multilayer tablets were prepared by using 50 mg and 100 mg of guar gum as release controlling layer on either side of (M5) guar gum matrix tablets of metronidazole. All the formulations were evaluated for in-process quality control tests. The in-vitro drug release study was undertaken at 37±0.5°C in 0.1N HCl for 2 h; followed by pH 7.4 phosphate buffer (3h) finally in, simulated colonic fluid pH 6.8 phosphate buffer containing 4%w/v rat ceacal content for 15 h. Results indicated that guar gum was alone failed to control drug release. M5 (GG: XG, 0:100) formulation seems to quiet promising for colonic drug delivery and only 12.3% drug is released in first 5h wherease, other matrix tablets released 12-33% of metronidazole in physiological environment of stomach and small intestine. When studies were continued in colonic fluids, matrix tablets released almost 100% drug. whereas, metronidazole multilayer formulations did not release drug in stomach and small intestine, but delivered drug to the colon resulting in slow absorption of the drug and making drug available for local action in the colon

Menstrual Characteristics of Adolescent Athletes: A Study from West Bengal, India

The present study investigates: (i) differences in menstrual characteristics of athlete and non-athlete adolescents; (ii) relationship between menstrual characteristics, anthropometric variables, athletic status and socioeconomic status. The present study was conducted among 159 unmarried adolescents (80 athletes and 79 non-athletes) of age 15 to 19 years. The study participants belong to Bengali speaking Hindu ethnic group of Kolkata, the capital city of West Bengal State of India. Data were collected on socio-demographic and menstrual characteristics using pre-tested questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements were taken following standard methods. Descriptive statistics were used to understand the differences in menstrual characteristics between athletes and non-athletes, stepwise linear regression analyses were carried out to predict age at menarche, menstrual cycle length and duration of menstrual discharge using socio-demographic and anthropometric variables as well as athletic status as independent variables. Logistic (binary) regression was carried out to assess the strength of association between menstrual characteristics (as dependent variables) and athletic status, socio-demographic and anthropometric variables, and other menstrual characteristics (independent variables). The study participants differ significantly (p≤0.05) for certain menstrual characteristics such as age at menarche, cycle length, skipped cycle, premenstrual syndrome, heavy discharge when compared for their athletic status. Certain anthropometric and socioeconomic variables were found to be significantly associated with their menstrual characteristics. The study results demonstrate that menstrual functioning among adolescents is significantly influenced by their athletic status. The findings of this study would help health care professionals to devise future health care programs for adolescents in general and athletes in particular

Formulation and Evaluation of Modified release Bilayer Tablet of Paracetamol and Diclofenac sodium

The main objective of this research work is to develop a stable formulation of a NASAID drugs an immediate release layer of Paracetamol and sustain release layer of Diclofenac sodium are combine to the bilayer and evaluate their pre-compression and post-compression parameters A bilayer tablet comprises first layer formulated for instant release of the paracetamol from a dissolving tablet and a second layer formulated for sustain release Diclofenac sodium from a bilayer tablet The formulation was initiated with preparing granules of both the drug individually by wet granulation method and then then they were compressed to prepare bilayer tablet. The compressed bilayer tablets were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, in-vitro drug release using USP dissolution apparatus and interaction study by DSC. The optimized Formulation table of formulations F5 formulation was found to be acceptable because it release drug up to 82.11 % of drug release for bilayer Tablet and this batch passed all the evaluation parameters

Comparative evaluation of the effect of Ocimum sanctum and metformin on serum lipid profile in high fat diet fed diabetic rats

Background: Dyslipidaemia is an important risk factor for development of macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ocimum sanctum (OS) and metformin have shown to have antihyperlipidaemic effects. The present study was undertaken  to evaluate the effects of  OS and Metformin on body weight & plasma lipid  levels of high fat diet fed diabetic ratsMethods: Total of 30 male wistar  rats (100-150gm) were obtained. Animals were fed with a high fat diet throughout the study (6 weeks). Diabetes was induced by using single intra-peritoneal injection of Streptozotocin 50mg/kg at the end of 4 weeks.  Diabetic rats were divided into groups of 6 each and treated as follows: Group 1- Diabetic control, was given vehicle orally. Group 2- O.S. ethanolic extract 100mg/kg body weight orally for 14 days. Group 3- O.S. ethanolic extract  200mg/kg body weight orally for 14 days. Group 4-  Metformin 100mg/day for 14 daysResults: At the end of 4 weeks, body weight of rats were significantly increased (p 0.05). Decrease in body weight was seen in metformin group. Abdominal circumference of rats also showed similar pattern (p >0.05).  OS 200 caused significant reduction in serum LDL levels (p 0.05).Conclusions: Present study revealed that Ocimum Sanctum caused significant reduction in serum lipid levels in high fat diet fed diabetic rats. Metformin  also exhibited antihyperlipidaemic activity. So, it is concluded that OS or metformin alone or in combination  could be a novel adjunct to diet and life style modification for the management of dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetes.  Further studies are required to confirm the antidyslipidaemic activities of individual phytoconstituents of Ocimum sanctum